Research was conducted on information needs and bibliographic problems of anthropologists at Duke University and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Sixty-four faculty members and graduate students were surveyed, and twenty faculty members were interviewed. Many areas of information retrieval problems and the different ways anthropologists use their literature and libraries were explored, and results showed that differences between the various sub-groups of the study population were relatively unimportant. Forty percent of the faculty members did not often use libraries. Few anthropologists made use of abstracting and indexing services, but most were relatively satisfied with available library collections, although they found them to be inadequately organized and too scattered. Major retrieval problems were not finding enough multiple copies and difficulties in obtaining unpublished material. Eighty percent of the faculty members felt library research would be more important in the future. (Author/WH)