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Assessing Why the Testing Effect Is Moderated by Experimental Design
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Mulligan, Neil W.; Buchin, Zachary L.; West, John T. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2020
The testing effect is 1 of several memory effects moderated by experimental design, such that the effect on free recall is larger in a mixed-list than pure-list design (Mulligan, Susser, & Smith, 2016). The current experiments assess hypotheses regarding why this pattern is found. Three extant accounts of design effects (Nguyen & McDaniel,…
Descriptors: Testing, Research Design, Recall (Psychology), Memory
Carving Executive Control at Its Joints: Working Memory Capacity Predicts Stimulus-Stimulus, but Not Stimulus-Response, Conflict
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Meier, Matt E.; Kane, Michael J. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2015
Three experiments examined the relation between working memory capacity (WMC) and 2 different forms of cognitive conflict: stimulus-stimulus (S-S) and stimulus-response (S-R) interference. Our goal was to test whether WMC's relation to conflict-task performance is mediated by stimulus-identification processes (captured by S-S conflict),…
Descriptors: Experimental Psychology, Short Term Memory, Executive Function, Cognitive Processes
Haptic Distal Spatial Perception Mediated by Strings: Point of Closest Approach and Bypass Distance
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Cabe, Patrick A.; Hofman, L. Leigh – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2012
Four experiments examined haptic perception of two distal spatial properties in a bypass event. A hook suspended a string held taut between the participant's finger and a weight. Moving their fingers laterally beneath the hook, participants estimated the finger's point of closest approach (PCA) to the hook and bypass distance (BPD; i.e., hook…
Descriptors: Spatial Ability, Computation, Tactual Perception, Accuracy
The Negative Testing Effect and Multifactor Account
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Peterson, Daniel J.; Mulligan, Neil W. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2013
Across 3 experiments, we investigated the factors that dictate when taking a test improves subsequent memory performance (the "testing effect"). In Experiment 1, participants retrieving a set of targets during a retrieval practice phase ultimately recalled fewer of those targets compared with a group of participants who studied the…
Descriptors: Memory, Experimental Psychology, Tests, Recall (Psychology)
Perceptual Fluency, Auditory Generation, and Metamemory: Analyzing the Perceptual Fluency Hypothesis in the Auditory Modality
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Besken, Miri; Mulligan, Neil W. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2014
Judgments of learning (JOLs) are sometimes influenced by factors that do not impact actual memory performance. One recent proposal is that perceptual fluency during encoding affects metamemory and is a basis of metacognitive illusions. In the present experiments, participants identified aurally presented words that contained inter-spliced silences…
Descriptors: Experimental Psychology, Perceptual Development, Memory, Auditory Stimuli
The Attentional Boost Effect with Verbal Materials
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Mulligan, Neil W.; Spataro, Pietro; Picklesimer, Milton – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2014
Study stimuli presented at the same time as unrelated targets in a detection task are better remembered than stimuli presented with distractors. This attentional boost effect (ABE) has been found with pictorial (Swallow & Jiang, 2010) and more recently verbal materials (Spataro, Mulligan, & Rossi-Arnaud, 2013). The present experiments…
Descriptors: Experimental Psychology, Attention, Cognitive Processes, Memory