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OECD Publishing, 2020
While in most countries today women attain higher levels of education than men, on average, they are less likely than men to be employed and they earn less. There are many reasons why these gender gaps open; some are apparent in secondary school. For example, even when they outperform boys academically, girls are less likely than their male peers…
Descriptors: Student Attitudes, Gender Differences, Competition, Failure
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John Jerrim; Philip D. Parker; Nikki Shure – Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice, 2023
This paper investigates the phenomena of overclaiming -- the propensity for individuals to claim more knowledge about an issue or topic than they really (or could possibly) do. Using Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) data from nine Anglophone countries and over 40,000 young people, we examine teenagers' propensity to claim…
Descriptors: International Assessment, Foreign Countries, Secondary School Students, Achievement Tests