Community historians often limit their efforts to periods of written records; this, despite the fact that many communities have witnessed some form of prehistoric human occupation. Prehistory is the study of human events before the advent of written accounts. The community historian interested in prehistory, which has as its main focus material remains, must become involved in archaeology. While most archaeological efforts are beyond the resources and experience of most local historians, there are several ways in which one can conduct archaeological research without undertaking activities that may be impractical or inappropriate. This guide makes suggestions for archaeological research in the context of New York State; yet, most of the suggestions are applicable to other locales as well. (DB)