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Direct linkEpstein, Jennifer A.; Botvin, Gilbert J.; Doyle, Margaret – Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse, 2009
This study examined the relationship of social influences to use drugs and competence variables with lifetime poly-drug use for adolescents residing in inner-city regions. The same model was tested separately for boys and girls. Sixth- and seventh-graders (N = 2400) in inner-city schools self-reported substance use, social influences to use drugs…
Descriptors: Smoking, Females, Self Efficacy, Drug Use
Bernburg, Jon Gunnar; Krohn, Marvin D.; Rivera, Craig J. – Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 2006
This article examines the short-term impact of formal criminal labeling on involvement in deviant social networks and increased likelihood of subsequent delinquency. According to labeling theory, formal criminal intervention should affect the individual's immediate social networks. In many cases, the stigma of the criminal status may increase the…
Descriptors: Intervention, Delinquency, Criminals, Juvenile Justice
