The purpose of this study was to develop a group test of self-concept which is especially applicable to the Spanish-surnamed primary school student. The pilot version of this instrument, the Primary Self-Concept Scale (PSCS), was designed to measure 5 aspects of self-concept which were felt to be relevant to school success: behavior, intellectual, physical appearance, peer relationships, and emotional state. After factor analysis, however, the factors identified were (1) aggressiveness/cooperation, (2) intellectual self, (3) peer ostracism/acceptance, (4) helpfulness, (5) physiological self, and (6) adult acceptance/rejection. The 2 additional factors measured in this study were emotional self and success/nonsuccess. Both the preliminary and the revised PSCS were administered to 650 primary school pupils in New Mexico. Emanating from the PSCS was the third revision, the Primary Self-Concept Inventory (PSCS). Studies concerning the further development and refinement of the PSCI should include subjects from a variety of age levels, ethnic groups, and socioeconomic levels. Further research should also entail the development of remediational procedures closely related to performance on the PSCI. (HBS)