Bullying in schools has received increasing attention since its implication in a number of school-based shooting incidents. A number of protective factors have been identified as reducing risk behaviors such as substance abuse among adolescents. This framework, however, has not been examined with respect to bullying victims. The results of a survey of over 2,000 sixth-, eighth-, 10th-, and 12th-grade students from a school district in Texas and a school district in New Jersey suggest that the assessed protective factors associated with alcohol and drug misuse are also associated with bullying victimization. The findings indicate that interventions that strengthen these protective factors may reduce vulnerability of adolescents to victimization by bullying as well as reducing drug and alcohol abuse.