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Creer, Sarah D.; Cook, Anne E.; O'Brien, Edward J. – Scientific Studies of Reading, 2018
During comprehension, readers' general world knowledge and contextual information compete for influence during integration and validation. Fantasy narratives, in which general world knowledge often conflicts with fantastical events, provide a setting to examine this competition. Experiment 1 showed that with sufficient elaboration, contextual…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Fantasy, Knowledge Level, Prior Learning
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Kendeou, Panayiota; Smith, Emily R.; O'Brien, Edward J. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2013
The present set of 7 experiments systematically examined the effectiveness of adding causal explanations to simple refutations in reducing or eliminating the impact of outdated information on subsequent comprehension. The addition of a single causal-explanation sentence to a refutation was sufficient to eliminate any measurable disruption in…
Descriptors: Attribution Theory, Reading Comprehension, Comparative Analysis, Sentences