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Kendeou, Panayiota; Smith, Emily R.; O'Brien, Edward J. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2013
The present set of 7 experiments systematically examined the effectiveness of adding causal explanations to simple refutations in reducing or eliminating the impact of outdated information on subsequent comprehension. The addition of a single causal-explanation sentence to a refutation was sufficient to eliminate any measurable disruption in…
Descriptors: Attribution Theory, Reading Comprehension, Comparative Analysis, Sentences
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Kendeou, Panayiota; Walsh, Erinn K.; Smith, Emily R.; O'Brien, Edward J. – Discourse Processes: A multidisciplinary journal, 2014
In the present set of experiments, we systematically examined the processes that occur while reading texts designed to refute and explain commonsense beliefs that reside in readers' long-term memory. In Experiment 1 (n = 36), providing readers with a refutation-plus-explanation of a commonsense belief was sufficient to significantly reduce…
Descriptors: Long Term Memory, Beliefs, Misconceptions, Error Correction