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Elbro, Carsten; de Jong, Peter F.; Houter, Daphne; Nielsen, Anne-Mette – Scientific Studies of Reading, 2012
There is a gap between "w..aa..sss" and "woz" ("was"). This is a gap between the output from a phonological recoding of a word and its lexical pronunciation. We suggest that ease of recognition of words from spelling pronunciations (like "w..aa..sss") contributes independent variance to word decoding ability…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Indo European Languages, Beginning Reading, Spelling

Reitsma, Pytter – Journal of Research in Reading, 1983
Shows that Dutch children acquire and use lexical entries containing specific information about visual-orthographic structure quite early, even after only six months of formal training in reading. (FL)
Descriptors: Beginning Reading, Foreign Countries, Phoneme Grapheme Correspondence, Primary Education