The first of two volumes dedicated to this little-explored topic, this volume gathers international perspectives to critically assess how Waldorf education has been perceived and discussed in both public and academic arenas. The book thereby challenges the historical concept of Waldorf education as an international movement championing…

Discusses contributions to the sciences by women. Contends that, even though women were excluded from higher education in the nineteenth century, they participated in noninstitutional forms of higher learning. Describes encyclopedias developed by women during this period that indicate a high level of science understanding. (CFR)

Describes the schools established and operated by the Dutch Reformed Church in the Netherlands from the sixteenth to the twentieth centuries. Contends that the neo-Calvinists created a form of moral education consistent with their religious beliefs. Argues that ordinary citizens were still broadened intellectually and socially by these schools.…

Examination of the history of use of performance indicators in three European national higher education systems (Germany, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom) suggests that their role at the national level is declining at the same time that institutions are moving toward more broad-based quality assessment strategies. (Author/MSE)

Discusses the heuristic value of John Meyer's social theory on citizenship, education, and the nation state in relation to Fritz Ringer's three dimensions of education. Suggests that national differences correspond to differences in centralized or decentralized education policies. (CFR)

Describes the changing role of schools and schooling among Dutch middle and upper middle class adolescents in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Discusses the evolution from home schooling in the early 1800s to boarding schools for a small portion of the school-age population to secondary girls' schools for most females between 1867 and 1900.…

Profiles an attempt at adult residential education known as the Woodbrookers' movement in the Netherlands from 1903-1941. Imported from England, the Woodbrookers' emphasized the precepts of Christian Socialism taught through weekend meetings and summer schools. Discusses the relationship between this movement and the Scandinavian folk high…

Compares three critical transitions at the end of elementary school and during secondary education prior to and after educational reform in the Netherlands. Concludes that the educational reform efforts promoted more equal educational opportunities by increased student participation. (CFR)

Examines the conflicting approaches, legal, medical, and educational, to the treatment of deprived and retarded children in the Netherlands around 1900. Although initially in competition, the educational and medical fields soon began a cooperative relationship defined by symbiotic philosophies and institutions. Discusses the development of…

Maintains that issues of religion and the schools have surfaced again in the public forum. Discusses the controversy between public and private education in Utrecht, The Netherlands, in the 1800s. Concludes that public schools can never meet the needs of all and that the Utrecht compromise suggests that alternatives are possible. (CFR)