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Direct linkWright, James; Whitaker, Ronald W., II; Khalifa, Muhammad; Briscoe, Felecia – Urban Education, 2020
This critical case study analyzes Michigan's implementation of Public Act 4 (PA4), also known as the "emergency management" (EM) takeover law. PA4 grants the state control of school districts with dire budgetary problems. As most U.S. school districts are citywide, PA4 gives the state direct control over all the (previously locally…
Descriptors: Neoliberalism, Educational Change, School Districts, School Turnaround
Peer reviewedMirel, Jeffrey E. – Urban Education, 1987
This article emphasizes the following points concerning policies of the Detroit Board of Education: (1) conflicts over religion and education have been part of politics since 1842; (2) these conflicts were political rather than consitutional; and (3) until 1948 decisions regarding religion were based on "institutional" considerations…
Descriptors: Board of Education Policy, Constitutional Law, Educational History, Educational Policy
