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Reardon, Sean F.; Papay, John P.; Kilbride, Tara; Strunk, Katherine O.; Cowen, Joshua; An, Lily; Donohue, Kate – Stanford Center for Education Policy Analysis, 2019
In this paper we compare two approaches to measuring the average rate at which students learn in a given school or district. One type of measure--longitudinal growth measures--relies on student-level longitudinal data. A second type--cohort growth measures--relies only on repeated aggregated, cross-sectional data. Because student-level data is…
Descriptors: Measurement Techniques, Growth Models, Cohort Analysis, Longitudinal Studies
Hanna, Robert; Morris, Bo – Center for American Progress, 2014
This paper explores what happens to similar groups of children educated in different school districts. In this case, the "twins" in the study are groups of students who live in the same state in similar geographies and who share certain demographic characteristics. For this report, "twin districts" have very similar sizes and…
Descriptors: Productivity, Academic Achievement, Cohort Analysis, Educational Assessment