Teacher shortages continue to be a challenge for state policymakers, and while national media coverage paints a picture of widespread shortages, a closer examination reveals that shortages tend to be concentrated in specific subjects and schools. The primary policy response to shortages is often to recruit more teachers, but research demonstrates a need to balance recruitment with retention via a strategic, specific, and comprehensive approach. This Policy Guide highlights factors that impact teacher shortages across the country and provides key state policy levers to strengthen teacher retention, from interest in the field through career advancement.