There are some factors affecting people's perceptions towards other countries. Information obtained from textbooks and teachers, especially during a student's primary school education, is arguably amongst the most important factors affecting these perceptions. In addition, media, social media, and family and friendship groups are also among the…

This study examines Malaysian learners' reflections on the discourses of the Asia-Pacific War in Malaysia and Japan after engaging in "Memories of War" project. The project, which was implemented in an advanced Japanese-as-a-Foreign-Language (JFL) class at a Malaysian university, aimed to improve learners' ability to grasp power…