The Vygotskian concept of "perezhivanie," or emotional lived experience, was adopted to examine the learner identities of 2 Japanese university students in English language learning. Current studies on language learner identities have given analytic primacy to either psychological processes or social influences. In contrast, "perezhivanie" offers a holistic unit of analysis for examining simultaneous influences derived from internal and external realms on identity pursuits. Misaki and Hina participated in a 60-minute interview designed to understand their English learning experiences and how they made sense of them in school and university settings. In addition, a series of class observations--each followed by an informal interview--were conducted to examine their learning experiences in a conversational English course. Their reflective postings on the course online blog were also collected. The analytical process located identifiable instances of "perezhivanie" ("perezhivaniya"), based on participants' memorable events or personally significant moments, and elaborated how these "perezhivaniya" brought forth different learner identities. Using the concept of "perezhivanie," this study draws attention to a dynamic perspective on researching language-learner identities that foregrounds an identity-making process whereby students relived, refracted, and transformed through emotional-cognitive events or episodes characterized by complex transactions between the person and context.