Contributions from and innovation in science and technology over many decades have resulted in dramatic improvements to American lives, including enhanced living standards and life expectancy, better access to information and connectivity across the globe, and increased access to and affordability of consumer goods. The analysis in this report is based on data from "Science and Engineering Indicators 2020" ("Indicators 2020"), which has been redesigned to ensure that the content is maximally useful and accessible to a wide audience. "Indicators 2020" consists of nine thematic reports that provide a high-level overview of the U.S. S&E enterprise, which includes elementary and secondary science and mathematics education, S&E higher education, S&E workforce, S&E publications, R&D investment, academic R&D, R&D-intensive industries, innovation, and public perceptions of S&T. This report highlights the key findings and indicators from the "Indicators 2020" thematic reports. Detailed analysis of these key indicators, as well as numerous important topics, are addressed in the individual thematic reports and are summarized in the executive summary of each report. This report is organized in six topical sections. The report begins with the topic of education, including performance of K-12 students and S&E degrees awarded in the United States, along with relevant international comparisons. The second section describes the demographic composition of the U.S. S&E workforce and employment trends, including trends in the skilled technical workforce. The next two sections focus on R&D, including the U.S. position within a global context and the structure of U.S. R&D performance and funding. The fifth section examines trends in global S&T capabilities, including S&E research publications and R&D-intensive industry output. The sixth section focuses on innovation-related indicators, as well as U.S. public attitudes toward S&T. The report ends with concluding remarks, as well as references and resources, such as a glossary of terms and acronyms, detailed notes for figures, and information on the other reports, including "Indicators 2020" thematic reports that provide the underlying analysis for each section.