Academic training is the initial step for junior scientists to learn to develop into independent scientists. This study investigates how supervisors decide to employ different approaches of early-career research training, and how these approaches influence the degree of trainees' independence in their later careers. Drawing on survey and…

This article reports on the performance of the research funding system of 61 Japanese national universities, specifically the Japanese Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (GASR) system. The competitive Japanese research funding system is quantitatively investigated and measured, focusing on the GASR fund and its relationship with the Japanese…

The U.S. R&D enterprise relies on businesses, federal and nonfederal governments, higher education institutions, and other nonprofit organizations. This report identifies trends in R&D performance and funding and compares them to those of the world's other major economies. The U.S. annual total of R&D has expanded steadily since 2010…

This paper examines shifts in the knowledge production policy agenda at Japanese research universities -- a transition from discipline-based academic tradition towards interdisciplinary forms of knowledge production -- through a case study of a leading interdisciplinary research institute. We examine this transition through the case of Tohoku…

The global community, from UNESCO to NGOs, is committed to promoting the status of women in science, engineering and technology, despite long-held prejudices and the lack of role models. Previously, when equality was not firmly established as a key issue on international or national agendas, women's colleges played a great role in mentoring female…

For the first time, the annual conference of the European Association for Computer-Assisted Language Learning (EUROCALL) took place in Sweden. The conference took place at the Faculty of Education on historic ground on the old fortification walls of Carolus Dux from the 17th century right in the centre of the city. This year's host comprised the…

Describes a recent move of scientists and university administrators in Japan to allow external peer review in an effort to convince government bureaucrats that Japan's academic research is up to world standards and therefore deserves more money. (ZWH)

Surveys studies on bibliometrics and related subjects in Japan, classifying them into studies on bibliometrics and applications of bibliometrics. Examines applications of fuzzy set theory to document retrieval using bibliometric techniques. Emphasizes the models and methods used in common between bibliometrics and other fields of science. (SR)

Includes "Science Parks and Regional Technology Strategies: European Experiences" (Charles, Hayward, Thomas); "Technology Parks and University-Business Relations in Spain" (del Castillo, Diez, Barroeta); "Evaluating Science and Technology Parks in France" (Bruhat); and "The Technopolis in Japan: Its Past and…

Discusses Japanese endeavors to create a new generation of computers endowed with intelligence, and the U.S. and European responses to these endeavors. Major U.S. efforts have been through private industry and the Defense Advanced Research Agency, while the National Science Foundation has increased support for developing advanced scientific…

Nearly 100 U.S. universities with high-technology research programs have received Japanese money in the last five years, suggesting to some that the United States is subsidizing technology transfer to an economic rival. Others find the figures inconclusive and the study's focus narrow. Other studies are forthcoming. (MSE)

Questions Japan's ability to maintain its economic success without substantially changing its approach to education. Discusses international responses to the nation's level of exports, the maturing and stabilization of its economy, and the rapid aging of its population and work force as trends that may require significant change. (BC)

A survey of almost 1,000 research and development staff at large industrial corporations in Britain and Japan investigated differences in employment structures (market-oriented vs. organization-oriented), learning in higher education, and career expectations. Significant differences were found in attitudes of workers in the two countries.…

Japan's postwar research and development (R&D) efforts have passed through several phases to bring the nation to what may be called "relative parity" with the United States. This document examines the characteristics of Japanese and U.S. R&D efforts. Topics compared include: national science resource patterns; science and…

We are delighted to welcome you to the International Conference on Education and New Developments 2015-END 2015, taking place in Porto, Portugal, from 27 to 29 of June. Education, in our contemporary world, is a right since we are born. Every experience has a formative effect on the constitution of the human being, in the way one thinks, feels and…