Contributions from and innovation in science and technology over many decades have resulted in dramatic improvements to American lives, including enhanced living standards and life expectancy, better access to information and connectivity across the globe, and increased access to and affordability of consumer goods. The analysis in this report is…

This study extends the comparative model of country groups to analyse the cross-national trends in the higher education expansion and opportunities. We use descriptive data on characteristics and outcomes of higher education systems in different countries groups, including the liberal market countries, the social democratic countries, the…

The emergence of a global knowledge-based economy has given rise to drastic changes in both higher education and employment. On one hand, governments in advanced societies have launched policies to expand higher education to compete internationally in educating and attracting highly skilled workers. At the same time, both global economic…

This study analyzed the extent to which differences in graduate employment can be explained by differences in where the graduates studied. In Europe and Japan there seem to be large cross-country and field differences in the importance, in terms of graduate employment, of the institution where the graduate studied. The study attempted to explain…

This document presents statistical data from the countries of France, Finland, the Netherlands, Japan, Italy, and Norway regarding the flows of graduates from higher education and their entry into the workforce. Among the statistical data presented are the trends and current situation in each country for such areas as college enrollments and…

The Japanese theory of participatory management is seen as thriving on American campuses under the rubrics of shared governance and collegiality. Participatory management, quality control circles, lifetime employment, superordinate goals, and interdependent leadership are discussed. More commerce between academic administrators and corporate…

A study of the patterns of employment and graduate study of recent graduates of five northeastern Japanese universities found differences in the patterns of the three groups (engineers and scientists, teachers, and arts and sciences majors), between men and women, and between the oldest university and the others. (MSE)

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the elements affecting the weakness of the library and information science (LIS) profession in Japan in terms of quality of education, the employment system, and career development of Japanese librarians. It also provides an overview of the current status of LIS education in Japan and examines the…

A study compared employment patterns, working conditions, and workload among college and university faculty in Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden, England, Japan, and the United States, based on data from an international faculty survey. Results indicate considerable differences across academic rank, particularly in the European countries. However,…

A survey of 20,000 college and university faculty in 14 countries, particularly in large teaching and research institutions, investigated the extent of international mobility within this group. Issues examined in relation to mobility include gender differences, distribution among disciplines, patterns of employment (full- vs. part-time,…

Forces in the internationalization of Japanese higher education are examined, including government initiatives to bring in more foreign students, facilitating employment of foreign nationals in Japanese institutions, internationalized curricula, intergovernmental and interinstitutional agreements and projects, and a complementary movement in…

This volume contains papers on regional and global trends that affect the political factors which are changing the context within which academic mobility occurs: (1) "Introduction" (by Peggy Blumenthal and others); (2) "Political Dimensions of Regionalism in a Changing World" (David Leyton-Brown); (3) "Economic Dimensions…

After World War II, enrollment in the Japanese educational system underwent an unprecedented expansion, largely on account of postwar economic growth. Although such expansion was common throughout the world, Japan's experience was unique because of the magnitude of changes in the enrollment rates and the degree to which these changes directly…

This report, one of a series of country studies on higher education and employment particularly in the humanities and social sciences, looks at employment prospects for social science and humanities graduates in Australia. An opening section describes government studies and initiatives and changes in the Australian higher education system since…

Examines the educational trends and quality of special education in Japan through discussions of its curriculum, the employment trends of special education teachers, and issues concerning internship, sabbaticals, and enrollment in graduate programs. Through amendments in Japan's Teacher Certification Law, qualitative improvements have been…