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Hajimu Hayashi; Ayumi Matsumoto; Minehiro Akagawa – European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 2025
This study examined the development of the evaluation of praise that differs in congruence between what the praiser is praising (i.e. effort or ability) and what led the recipient to succeed. Children aged 7 and 8 years (second graders) and 10 and 11 years (fifth graders), as well as adults, made emotional and motivational evaluations about…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Elementary School Students, Grade 2, Grade 5

Ohbuchi, Ken-ichi; Sato, Kobun – Journal of Social Psychology, 1994
Reports on a study of student perceptions of harmdoers among 164 second and fifth-grade Japanese students. Finds that older children perceived the harmdoer who apologized as less intentional and more remorseful than the harmdoer who made excuses and accepted the harmdoer's excuses only when they believed that the harm was not intended. (CFR)
Descriptors: Age Differences, Age Groups, Antisocial Behavior, Behavior Standards