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Download full textSuetomi, Kaori; Murray, Nadezhda – Educational Studies in Japan: International Yearbook, 2014
The conditions required for a reform of the educational finance system as the foundation of compulsory education are 1) devolution to schools and introduction of national standards in order to deal with "individual equality" while compensating for the insufficiency of "aspectual equality," and 2) dealing with educational needs…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Educational Finance, Financial Support, Compulsory Education
Direct linkSato, Manabu – Educational Studies in Japan: International Yearbook, 2008
Current Educational Reform in Japan is oddly captured with confused conceptions of "compulsory education." The Ministry of Education blankets such connotations of it, as a national budget system, mandated school curriculum, responsible partnership of school with community and accountabilities of local school board, in defense of vested…
Descriptors: Compulsory Education, Educational Change, Foreign Countries, Public Education
