Investigates face and facework during conflicts among undergraduate students across four national cultures: China, Germany, Japan, and the United States. Presents major findings concerning self-construals; power distance; individualistic, small-power distance cultures; large-power distance cultures; and relational closeness and status. Discusses…

Examines the influence of decision-making style on communication openness and satisfaction in Japanese organizations. Results of a survey indicated that Japanese employees preferred persuasive or consultative managerial decision-making styles and were more satisfied when their preferred decision-making style and the style of their manager were…

Finds that the two-factor solution of the Argumentativeness Scale and the Verbal Aggressiveness Scale was a reasonable overall fit to samples of both U.S. and Japanese college students; orthogonality of the two constructs (argumentativeness and verbal aggressiveness) held for both samples; and the two scales had satisfactory construct validity for…