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Download full textSchmidgall, Jonathan – ETS Research Report Series, 2020
The redesigned four-skills "TOEIC Bridge"® tests were designed to measure the listening, reading, speaking, and writing proficiency of beginning to low--intermediate English learners in the context of everyday life. In this paper, I describe two studies that were conducted to investigate claims about the meaningfulness of redesigned…
Descriptors: Language Tests, Second Language Learning, English (Second Language), Foreign Countries
Direct linkCaponera, Elisa; Losito, Bruno – Large-scale Assessments in Education, 2016
Background: The present study investigates what factors related to the school context influence student achievement on TIMSS mathematics tests across countries. A systematic review of the literature on PIRLS, TIMSS, and ICCS was conducted upstream to identify those school, teacher, and classroom factors shown to be useful predictors of student…
Descriptors: Educational Environment, Academic Achievement, Comparative Education, Foreign Countries
