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Download full textOzaki, Sachiko; Ueda, Isao – JALT CALL Journal, 2020
This experimental study examined how VSTF (Visual-Syntactic Text Formatting)-based text benefits reading speed, reading comprehension, reading efficiency and retention for middle and high school students. Prospective within-subjects tests were conducted in Japan on a total of 132 students: 76 high school students from 12th grade and 56 middle…
Descriptors: Scaffolding (Teaching Technique), Teaching Methods, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
