Used data from the Third International Math-Science Study to examine the working conditions and beliefs of Japanese, German, and United States teachers. Core teaching practices and teacher beliefs showed little national variation, but other aspects of teachers' work showed variation. Models of national cultures of learning may overemphasize…

New analysis of data from the Second International Mathematics Study shows how large a difference really exists between the educational systems of the United States and Japan, as is usually assumed, even after controlling for curriculum. School effectiveness is a more complicated question than merely one of curriculum. (SLD)

As Westbury acknowledges, both intended and implemented (delivered) curricula are at the heart of educational effectiveness. U.S. and Japanese achievement patterns are discussed in light of the Second International Mathematics Study. Many things that Americans like about their school systems may come at a price evident in international…

Presents study results of Japanese high school seniors determining how learning experiences outside formal schooling affect future education. Reports that students from higher socioeconomic backgrounds are more likely to participate. Concludes that participation in certain forms of shadow education increases likelihood of university attendance.…