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Lavelli, Manuela; Carra, Cecilia; Rossi, Germano; Keller, Heidi – Developmental Psychology, 2019
Studies conducted in Western countries document the special role of mother--infant face-to-face exchanges for early emotional development including social smiling. A few cross-cultural studies have shown that the Western pattern of face-to-face communication is absent in traditional rural cultures, without identifying other processes that promote…
Descriptors: Parent Child Relationship, Infants, Mothers, Longitudinal Studies