The present study investigated differences between the general elderly population and elderly new immigrants from former Soviet Union countries in regard to the incidence of elder abuse and neglect, victims' characteristics, and perpetrators' characteristics. In addition, the study sought to examine predictors of various types of abuse and…

Friendships between individuals can be found throughout lifespans. This study examined an interaction between adolescents who consider themselves close friends. Inspection of friends' interaction when working on a joint task may allow the classification of close friendships in adolescence. In addition friends were asked about their joint daily…

Through interviews and examination of records, employment rates were studied in a sample of 762 disabled adults (ages 18-55) in Israel. The profile that emerged indicated that employed individuals (N=220) tended to be younger, male, more educated, Israeli, and less seriously medically disabled, among other distinguishing characteristics.…

Analyzes the image of the elderly, those age 60 and over, presented on television programs imported to Israel. Older characters are presented as more independent but less effective; less liberal and more conformist; more "family-functional" and less beautiful; less able; less future-oriented; less clean and orderly; and less sexually…

Primary reading textbooks used in Israel were examined for sexual stereotyping. It was determined that male and female descriptions in the textbooks differ from true life situations. High correlations were also found between particular personality traits and sex in the books, which do not also exist in reality. (Author/MV)

Two social psychological theories--similarity theory and equity theory--are employed to elucidate the relationship between group members' abilities and group performance on tasks involving high levels of interdependence. Contrasting hypotheses are drawn regarding specific ability compositions that should evoke performance above or below the simple…

The purpose of the research was to identify variables affecting the attitudes and involvement of school counsellors in the inclusion of students with disabilities in regular classrooms. The sample included 220 primary and middle school counsellors in Israel. Two specially constructed questionnaires (i.e., the Involvement in Inclusion Questionnaire…

Much of the research literature on school violence has focused narrowly on individual characteristics of troubled youth, without careful examination of contextual factors that might influence violence and victimization in school settings. This study examines the associations among Student Participation in Decision-Making in their Schools, Teacher…

This paper examines the individual consistency of eleventh grade respondents in normal test-retest situations as well as situations involving changed response methods. It postulates the personality-trait "discriminator" (high vs low) and confirms the trait's influence on individual consistency within and across Biology Cognitive…

Using data from Israeli first-time fathers and mothers collected during pregnancy and while the infants were nine months old, regression analyses showed that personal and contextual sources were almost equally influential in determining the various aspects of fathering. Suggests that personal variables influence transfer of quality from the…

Analysis of placement recommendations made by 98 Israeli professionals to parents of newborns with Down's syndrome found that recommendations were influenced by parental variables such as education, occupational status, religiosity, attitude toward the pregnancy, age, and living location; child's birth order; professional category (nurse,…

The hypothesis tested was that authoritarian personalities prefer the natural sciences (specifically biology and chemistry) and nonauthoritarian personalities choose the social sciences and humanities (specifically, psychology and philosophy). (Author)

Effects of the trend to prefer progressive over traditional goals of education were investigated in Israeli teachers. Attitudes toward educational goals; expectations of achieving goals; perceived knowledge about strategies for achieving goals; personality traits and teaching behaviors were studied. Pseudoprogressivism was reflected in the…

Investigated latency-age children (N=11) who attempted or threatened suicide. Discovered common characteristics including: (1) suicidal parents; (2) a major family crisis; (3) excessive parental demands; (4) lack of satisfying relationships; (5) paradoxical death attitudes; and (6) positive strivings to stay alive. Developed a model for predicting…

We studied the relationship between caregivers' personal and social resources and facilitation of adherence by elderly care recipients to a prescribed health regimen. Adherence facilitation was measured among 240 caregivers on a 45-item instrument constructed for this research. The facilitation score was regressed on caregivers' role-specific…