Oral retelling portrays what one understands from reading or listening to a text. The retold stories of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often show macrostructural (overall story structure) difficulties. The study's purpose was to compare macrostructure oral story retelling, after reading (visual modality) or listening (auditory modality) to a story, among 20 children with ASD versus 20 children with typical development and to examine correlations with theory of mind (ToM). The study measures included story retelling and second-order ToM. The ASD group exhibited difficulties in one essential macrostructure aspect. No differences emerged between modalities for both groups. ToM correlated positively with macrostructure measures in both groups. False belief significantly correlated with the ability to retell essential characteristics in the visual modality for ASD. Implications are discussed.