Examines the work roles of Israeli village women at home and in the fields, the effects of technological change, and sex stereotypes related to technological aptitude. Suggests that the crucial variable influencing gender differentiation in work roles is technology itself rather that its context of application. (SV)

Investigated life history of American career women (N=24) at midlife. The transitions experienced by these women during their lifetimes were categorized into "masculine" or "feminine" types. It was found that they were distributed about equally between the two types of transitions, thus excluding a simple biological approach.…

Discusses social and economic inequality of Israeli women, despite a political ethic which holds that the sexes are equal. Describes the current women's movement. Explores religious and historical phenomena, including the influx of oriental Jews and ongoing warfare, as factors in perpetuating traditional ideologies of masculinity and femininity.…