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Peer reviewedJaffe, Eliezer D. – Early Child Development and Care, 1988
A projective picture instrument was used to determine ethnic stereotypes of 90 children of 4-5 years. Findings indicate that although 4-year-olds were ambivalent about their ethnic preferences, by age 5 children had developed clear ethnic preferences. (RJC)
Descriptors: Age Differences, Cultural Awareness, Cultural Images, Ethnic Bias
Peer reviewedPitner, Ronald O.; Astor, Ron Avi; Benbenishty, Rami; Haj-Yahia, Muhammad M.; Zeira, Anat – Child Development, 2003
Examined effects of negative group stereotypes on reasoning about peer retribution (child hits another child in response to name calling) among 2,604 Arab and Jewish adolescents in Israel. Found evidence that Arab and Jewish students hold stereotypes about one another and that in-group bias affected approval and reasoning about peer retribution…
Descriptors: Adolescent Attitudes, Adolescents, Age Differences, Aggression
