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Download full textBoroumand, Mohsen; Mardani, Mahdi; Khakzad Esfahlan, Farzaneh – Language Teaching Research Quarterly, 2021
One of the most important communicative skills is listening and, at the same time, the Achilles' heel of many L2 learners as it entails multi-level cognitive processes (Lynch, 2002). Besides, as various studies show, self-efficacy measures are closely tied to the effective use of learning strategies. Considering the key role that concept mapping,…
Descriptors: Direct Instruction, Instructional Effectiveness, Concept Mapping, Listening Skills
