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Download full textAli Akbar Ariamanesh; Hossein Barati; Manijeh Youhanaee – International Journal of Language Testing, 2023
The present study investigates the efficacy of preparation time in four speaking tasks of TOEFL iBT. As the current pre-task planning time offered by ETS is very short, 15 to 30 seconds, we intended to explore how the test-takers' speaking quality would change if the preparation time was added to the response time, giving the respondents a…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Language Tests, Test Preparation
Direct linkAbdi Tabari, Mahmoud – Reading & Writing Quarterly, 2020
This study investigated the effects of strategic planning and task structure (personal, narrative, and decision-making tasks) on L2 writing outcomes. One hundred and twenty intermediate English as a foreign language learners were randomly divided into strategic-planning and no-planning-time groups. The strategic-planning group performed the three…
Descriptors: Decision Making, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Writing Instruction
Effects of Increasing the Degree of Reasoning and the Number of Elements on L2 Argumentative Writing
Rahimi, Muhammad – Language Teaching Research, 2019
The impacts of task characteristics on second language (L2) writing require further exploration. This study examined the effects of increasing task complexity on L2 argumentative writing. Upper-intermediate L2 learners performed two writing tasks with varying degrees of complexity in relation to the number of elements and the degree of reasoning.…
Descriptors: Persuasive Discourse, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Accuracy
