In the opening years of the 1920s, Indiana University-Bloomington (IU) faced a dilemma. Enrollment was growing and demand among students for co-curricular and leisure activities was growing with it. But the university had few adequate facilities to support such activities and state appropriations were barely enough to cover expenses related to purely instructional purposes. Given these challenges, president William Lowe Bryan and his administration did what many have done throughout the course of American higher education: they turned to private philanthropy to bridge the gap between demand and available funding. The Memorial Fund Campaign, IU's first mass fundraising campaign, was a clear success when considering the end result. It secured more than $1.4 million (almost $24 million today) in commitments from students, alumni, and community members to support the construction of a union, a women's dormitory, and the first football stadium. This financial success, however, masked dissent among a group of students who used their voices to speak out against a massively popular fundraising campaign they saw as dishonest and threatening to the academic integrity of the institution, serving as a kind of moral conscience for the administration (Howe 2017). The rise and fall of this "outsider" group of students both extends and challenges existing historical treatments of the time period and is a cautionary tale for contemporary leaders about the ramifications of choosing to enshrine and legitimize one student culture over another.