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Direct linkMarian, Viorica; Shook, Anthony; Schroeder, Scott R. – Bilingual Research Journal, 2013
The effects of bilingual education on reading and math achievement were examined by comparing test scores across different elementary school programs. Results revealed that bilingual Two-Way Immersion (TWI) programs benefited both minority-language and majority-language students. Minority-language students in TWI programs outperformed their peers…
Descriptors: Bilingual Education Programs, Immersion Programs, Language Minorities, Educational Benefits
Paciotto, Carla; Delany-Barmann, Gloria – Language Policy, 2011
Discontinuities are often found between top-down language education policies and local language policy enactments, as de facto language policymaking results from stakeholders' negotiation and interpretation of policy mandates. Teachers occupy a particular role in the execution of language education policies, as they are the "final…
Descriptors: Expertise, Rural Schools, Language Planning, Immersion Programs
