As youth's national identity or adopting the nation as the identity is a public concern, arranging them to study in school and know about national culture and history is a supposed strategy. However, critics contend that the study is boring, unintellectual, and thus detrimental. To resolve the controversy over the study, this empirical study…

From the mid-1800s to the present, British administrators and Hong Kong educators have selectively used Chinese cultural education to foster in students a somewhat abstract Chinese identity and a sense of being on the periphery of both Chinese and Western worlds, attitudes that help to consolidate outside rule. (SV)