We examine the role of universities in knowledge production and industrial change using historical evidence. Political shocks led to a profound pro-science shift in German universities around 1800. To study the consequences, we construct novel microdata. We find that invention and manufacturing developed similarly in cities closer to and farther…

Within the context of 'Industry 4.0', work organisation and work processes will change, along with ongoing automation and real-time oriented control of production. The same is true for work contents and the interaction and communication between humans and technology, which entail many consequences for users and providers throughout the entire…

The use of Augmented Reality (AR) is a relatively new but significant trend in the educational landscape, including in technology education. The aim of this article is to discuss different perspectives on AR applications and describe the similarities, possibilities, and differences between them. Initial research in the field of technology…

When organizations create new knowledge and work practices as a reaction to challenges they face, they often have difficulty to adopt these new practices "on the ground". One of the reasons is that in these cases, individual informal learning and collective knowledge creation are often insufficiently connected. In this paper, we…

In the frameworks of Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) theory and concepts of competence beliefs, we investigated trajectories of and dynamics between demands and competence beliefs relevant to applied work fields. The study had a longitudinal panel design with eight measurement waves (overall study span of 4 years). Participants (38.1% female) were…

The bioeconomy, as a catalyst for systemic change, tackles the economic, social and environmental aspects of the European Green Deal, seeking new ways of producing and consuming resources while respecting our planet's limits and moving away from a linear economy based on extensive use of fossil and mineral resources. As defined in the European…

This is the Final Report of the study on "Promoting education, training and skills across the bioeconomy" conducted by Deloitte, Empirica and Fondazione Giacomo Brodolini Srl SB (FGB), mandated by the European Commission's DG Research & innovation (DG RTD). The study assesses the current and future (2030 and 2050) needs for…

This article examines the presentation of West Germany's "economic miracle" and East Germany's planned economy in school textbooks published between 2014 and 2016. The textbooks tell a success story of the "social market economy" that hardly takes into account the academic research of the last forty years. The results…

Vocational education and training (VET) can play a transformative role in reducing CO[subscript 2] emissions and improving the energy efficiency of buildings across Europe. Nearly zero energy building (NZEB) requires an energy literate workforce, with broader and deeper theoretical knowledge, higher technical and precision skills,…

Australia's system of vocational education and training (VET) is based on the principle of partnerships between key stakeholders: governments (Commonwealth, state and territory), training providers, employers and employees. Industry representation and governance in the VET sector in Australia has undergone several transformations in the past, and…

Innovation and invention drive the world forward and thrive off a free market that rewards individuals and companies that can tap into supply and demand. During tragedy, especially wartime, this can take a dark turn when the triumph of invention and profit is gained from human tragedy. International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) saw warfare…

Industry standards are used in many disciplines, including science and technology areas. To date, little research has been conducted regarding the citing of standards in scholarly publications. The aim of this study was to answer two questions: Are standards being cited in scholarly publications? And, if so, what are the characteristics of the…

This book addresses what is, perhaps, the single most important issue for vocational education; its relatively low standing in an era of high aspiration. The work explores the nature, extent and consequences for an educational sector that whilst having an increasingly important role in contemporary societies is seen to be of low standing across…

There are three different types of activities performed in higher education institutions that, taken together, form the components of a trilemma in higher education. These include traditional academic activities (research and teaching) and those that aim to transfer knowledge beyond academia (industry-oriented activities). The increased use of…

Previous research has shown that female doctoral graduates earn less than male doctoral graduates; however, there has been little research on the determinants of this gender pay gap. This paper investigates the determinants of the gender pay gap among doctoral graduates in Germany. By relying on human capital theory, traditional gender roles and…