Comparison of residential care staff in England and Germany showed that, in the care industry, England has a training framework that is not yet widely used. Despite its strong vocational policies, Germany has none. Care assistants are not expected to have formal skills and rarely participate in training. "Emotional labor" is undervalued…

Despite its high unemployment level, Germany is experiencing a shortage of specialists and managers. Germany's need for highly qualified information technology (IT) workers and engineers is particularly great. Approximately 10,000 posts for computer scientists and IT specialists remained vacant in 1998. Because of the shortage of such specialists,…

Reports on the training and recruitment of shipbuilding workers in Norway, Sweden, and Germany. (DS)

Surveys by the Institut fur Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB) of German firms' job openings have been combined with job registry data from the Bundesanstalt fur Arbeit on an annual basis since 1989 in order to determine the scope and structure of the aggregate national supply of job openings. The surveys also indicated problems encountered…

This book seeks to raise the discussion of globalisation's effects on teacher education, development and work, and its reforms and institutions, to a more theoretical and analytical level, and to provide specific examples in the comparative tradition to illustrate teacher policy in the context of education systems' widespread variability and…

Interviews with 14 human resource development practitioners who worked in German companies and 15 Germans working in U.S. divisions of German companies revealed that German curricula are more narrowly focused, U.S. managers receive more management training, and career and organizational development have no clear role in German companies. (SK)

Via a simultaneous analysis of different life course pathways (marital, occupational, and childbearing histories) and different outcomes, this article addresses the question When does childlessness matter in late life and how? Survey data from Amsterdam (N = 661) and Berlin, Germany (N = 516) are used. Lifelong childlessness results in smaller…

This article discusses findings from a tri-country study of student teachers' understandings of the purposes of education, their conceptions of sustainable development and the task of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD). At its heart are case studies of 30 student teachers from Initial Teacher Education Programmes in England, Denmark and…

Based on information provided by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization and the respective countries, this study presents a synoptic review of the educational systems in the United States and nine European countries. Some of the trends common to the 10 countries are the emphasis toward integration of vocational…

If farmers are to meet the new challenges facing agriculture (environment, rural development, etc.), appropriate knowledge has to be produced. But observations in six EU countries (France, Germany, Greece, the Netherlands, Spain and the UK) show that unexpected problems arise when technical support for agriculture is linked to market regulation,…

This paper examines the question of whether the construct of professionalization is a helpful instrument to assist teachers in achieving an acknowledged place and status in German society. The concept of professionalization as it is used in an everyday pedagogical context and in the context of various academic disciplines is analyzed, and the…

The purpose of professional training is to prepare Individual to perform the various task of society requiring a high degree of skill and learning. The function of any professional requirement or examinations is to assist in the selection of those who are to perform these tasks. The importance of these facts lends great significance to any system…

An analysis of the service sector in five countries (France, Germany, Japan, Sweden, and the United States) was made through synthesis of earlier research on work patterns in the countries. Some of the findings and issues discovered concerned the following: (1) the heterogeneity of the service sector; (2) the progress of part-time work; (3)…

Synopses of the state of optometry and optometric education in nine foreign countries (Germany, Great Britain, Israel, Italy, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Philippines, and Sweden) look at training programs, licensing, facilities, and alternatives in optometric services. (MSE)

The dual system of vocational education and apprenticeship in Germany originated in the crafts sector, with predominantly male participation. As the services sector rapidly expands, the question arises whether small businesses in this sector will be able or willing to follow the dual system. (Contains 55 references.) (JOW)