The paper deals with the aspects of professional training of specialists in computational linguistics by the example of the University of Stuttgart. First of all, we have attempted to define the essence of the terms "applied linguistics" and "computational linguistics" based on the views of Ukrainian and foreign scholars. We have found out that there is an obvious inconsistency in using these terms as Ukrainian scholars view it as a science related to practical application of linguistic achievements with the use of the latest technologies, whereas abroad they believe that computational linguistics is aimed at developing strategies for researches on natural languages. However, applied linguistics is related to language teaching methodology. We have concluded that German scholars view computational linguistics as a cognitive science that attempts to most successfully apply the achievements of linguistics in practice. Based on the view, German universities develop curricula that encompass theoretical and practical aspects of computational linguistics to prepare modern specialists able to comprehend the complexity of the field and be willing to adapt to challenges of a globalized world. Consequently, we have described the peculiarities of the programmes of a Bachelor of Science in Machine Language Programming and a Master of Science in Computational Linguistics. We have defined that duration of the programmes is traditional--three and two years respectively. Their structure comprises obligatory and elective courses, including Computer Science, Mathematics and Linguistics. In addition, future specialists may develop key professional competences attending seminars and colloquiums, participating in research projects, etc. It has been indicated that the list of electives involves those subjects aimed at enhancing future specialists' skills in linguistics as well as computer science, yet they are entitled to suggest what they are interested in even if such courses are not included. We have also suggested that rather perspective are further studies on the essence of the terms "applied linguistics" and "computational linguistics" based on the research findings of scholars all over the world.