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The Memory State Heuristic: A Formal Model Based on Repeated Recognition Judgments
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Castela, Marta; Erdfelder, Edgar – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2017
The recognition heuristic (RH) theory predicts that, in comparative judgment tasks, if one object is recognized and the other is not, the recognized one is chosen. The memory-state heuristic (MSH) extends the RH by assuming that choices are not affected by recognition judgments per se, but by the memory states underlying these judgments (i.e.,…
Descriptors: Memory, Heuristics, Recognition (Psychology), Hypothesis Testing
"N"-2 Repetition Costs Depend on Preparation in Trials "n"-1 and "n"-2
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Scheil, Juliane; Kleinsorge, Thomas – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2014
In task switching, a common result supporting the notion of inhibitory processes as a determinant of switch costs is the occurrence of "n"-2 repetition costs. Evidence suggests that this effect is not affected by preparation. However, the role of preparation on preceding trials has been neglected so far. In this study, evidence for an…
Descriptors: Experimental Psychology, Inhibition, Repetition, Cues
Adaptive Memory: Thinking about Function
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Bell, Raoul; Röer, Jan P.; Buchner, Axel – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2015
Rating the relevance of words for the imagined situation of being stranded in the grasslands without survival material leads to exceptionally good memory for these words. This survival processing effect has received much attention because it promises to elucidate the evolutionary foundations of memory. However, the proximate mechanisms of the…
Descriptors: Experimental Psychology, Memory, Cognitive Processes, Adjustment (to Environment)
No Evidence for True Training and Transfer Effects after Inhibitory Control Training in Young Healthy Adults
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Enge, Sören; Behnke, Alexander; Fleischhauer, Monika; Küttler, Lena; Kliegel, Matthias; Strobel, Alexander – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2014
Recent studies reported that training of working memory may improve performance in the trained function and beyond. Other executive functions, however, have been rarely or not yet systematically examined. The aim of this study was to test the effectiveness of inhibitory control (IC) training to produce true training-related function improvements…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Transfer of Training, Inhibition, Young Adults
To Be or Not to Be..Included in an Event File: Integration and Retrieval of Distractors in Stimulus-Response Episodes Is Influenced by Perceptual Grouping
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Frings, Christian; Rothermund, Klaus – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2011
The binding of stimulus and response features into stimulus-response (S-R) episodes or "event files" is a basic process for the efficient control of behavior. However, relevant information is usually accompanied by information that is irrelevant for the selection of action. Recent studies showed that even irrelevant information is bound…
Descriptors: Evidence, Cognitive Processes, Ability Grouping, Experiments
Attentional Capture by Salient Color Singleton Distractors Is Modulated by Top-Down Dimensional Set
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Muller, Hermann J.; Geyer, Thomas; Zehetleitner, Michael; Krummenacher, Joseph – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2009
Three experiments examined whether salient color singleton distractors automatically interfere with the detection singleton form targets in visual search (e.g., J. Theeuwes, 1992), or whether the degree of interference is top-down modulable. In Experiments 1 and 2, observers started with a pure block of trials, which contained either never a…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Children, Color, Simulation