This article addresses the inherent tension in the Bologna process between the aim of convergence and the will to maintain the diversity of national higher education (HE) systems, as well as the decentralised and autonomous nature of national policy formulation on Bologna reforms. Starting from an analytical discussion of the concepts of…

Focuses on the 1950s as years of political restoration of higher educational policy in the Federal Republic of Germany. Higher education institutions were restored in their organizational structure in accordance with the constitution and the traditional academic spirit. Organizational needs of the future are outlined. (KC)

Outlines the differing educational philosophies, policies, and organizational structures of the two Germanies, from nursery to university level. Examines future prospects for integrating both institutions and personnel. Although unification was made possible by the former East Germans, they and their institutions must make the greater adaptation…

Addresses conflicts concerning the structure of the educational system, ideological fixations, and the relationship between the federal and state governments in Germany. Describes the politics surrounding German educational policy. Suggests that the most recent problem analysis is a useful guideline even though it did not resolve the disputes over…

Discusses the problems of intercultural education in the European Community. Specifies that, for education not to discriminate, both majority and minorities must experience common learning processes and have opportunities to acquire relatively unbiased information about each other. Examines educational policy, school structure, and language…