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Direct linkAypay, Ahmet; Isik, Halil – International Journal of Educational Reform, 2006
The purpose of this article is to reexamine the 40 years of educational planning experience in Turkey comparatively with the educational planning experience in the international arena. Turkey has used educational planning since 1963. Planning in general has been defined as a decision-making process to reach certain goals in the future. This study…
Descriptors: Educational Planning, Federal Regulation, Educational Change, Administrative Organization
Peer reviewedHufner, Klaus – European Journal of Education, 1987
The West German debate over state-controlled higher education planning versus market-oriented competition is examined in the context of recent West German educational history, actions taken by the federal government and science council, institutional reactions, and research on the use of performance indicators. (MSE)
Descriptors: Accountability, Comparative Analysis, Competition, Educational Demand
