In 1971, Duval County, Florida, began investigating the effect of court-ordered desegregation on academic achievement. The study investigated achievement differences between desegregated and not-desegregated pupils and variables affecting their achievement. Several statistical techniques were used to investigate differences and the effects of sex, race and economic indices on achievement and achievement gain. Both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies were done. Race accounted for a greater portion of variance than any other predictor. Economic indices were also of major importance. However, only a small portion of variance was accounted for. Generally, this study supports the literature and implies that affective, psychological and attitudinal variables may be better predictors of achievement. (Author)