The purpose of this study is to construct a concise historical narrative of the development and characteristics of African American styles of marching band. While some extant research studies have been published in this area of study, the focus has been primarily on individual exemplary teachers or university band programs. In this article, much…

Introduction: Obtaining higher education increases the amount of stressors physically, mentally, and emotionally. College is more than parties, pledging, and freedom from authoritative figures. For many young adults, it is the time to learn independence, responsibility, and roads to success. Today's students are making life-altering decisions…

Black, and white students who participated in a race relations class that required a seven-day residential visit in a home of another race and a visit to a predominantly black college were interviewed 20 years later about the course's significance. The former students recalled that the course was profound, meaningful, and life-changing. (TD)