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Here's Looking at You: Visual Similarity Exacerbates the Moses Illusion for Semantically Similar Celebrities
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Davis, Danielle K.; Abrams, Lise – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2016
When people read questions like "How many animals of each kind did Moses take on the ark?", many mistakenly answer "2" despite knowing that Noah sailed the ark. This "Moses illusion" occurs when names share semantic features. Two experiments examined whether shared "visual" concepts (facial features)…
Descriptors: Experimental Psychology, Semantics, Visual Stimuli, Interference (Learning)
Sources of Interference in Recognition Testing
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Annis, Jeffrey; Malmberg, Kenneth J.; Criss, Amy H.; Shiffrin, Richard M. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2013
Recognition memory accuracy is harmed by prior testing (a.k.a., output interference [OI]; Tulving & Arbuckle, 1966). In several experiments, we interpolated various tasks between recognition test trials. The stimuli and the tasks were more similar (lexical decision [LD] of words and nonwords) or less similar (gender identification of male and…
Descriptors: Recognition (Psychology), Memory, Accuracy, Interference (Learning)
Global Statistical Learning in a Visual Search Task
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Jones, John L.; Kaschak, Michael P. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2012
Locating a target in a visual search task is facilitated when the target location is repeated on successive trials. Global statistical properties also influence visual search, but have often been confounded with local regularities (i.e., target location repetition). In two experiments, target locations were not repeated for four successive trials,…
Descriptors: Search Strategies, Experimental Psychology, Task Analysis, Experiments
Cognitive Advantages and Disadvantages in Early and Late Bilinguals
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Pelham, Sabra D.; Abrams, Lise – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2014
Previous research has documented advantages and disadvantages of early bilinguals, defined as learning a 2nd language by school age and using both languages since that time. Relative to monolinguals, early bilinguals manifest deficits in lexical access but benefits in executive function. We investigated whether becoming bilingual "after"…
Descriptors: Experimental Psychology, Bilingualism, Age Differences, Monolingualism
Priming of Simple and Complex Scene Layout: Rapid Function from the Intermediate Level
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Sanocki, Thomas; Sulman, Noah – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2009
Three experiments examined the time course of layout priming with photographic scenes varying in complexity (number of objects). Primes were presented for varying durations (800-50 ms) before a target scene with 2 spatial probes; observers indicated whether the left or right probe was closer to viewpoint. Reaction time was the main measure. Scene…
Descriptors: Reaction Time, Cognitive Processes, Experimental Psychology, Spatial Ability
A Global Theory of Remembering and Forgetting from Multiple Lists
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Lehman, Melissa; Malmberg, Kenneth J. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2009
Forgetting is frustrating, usually because it is unintended. Other times, one may purposely attempt to forget an event. A global theory of recognition and free recall that explains both types of forgetting and remembering from multiple list experiments is presented. The critical assumption of the model is that both intentional and unintentional…
Descriptors: Memory, Recognition (Psychology), Recall (Psychology), Models
Rehearsal Strategies Can Enlarge or Diminish the Spacing Effect: Pure versus Mixed Lists and Encoding Strategy
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Delaney, Peter F.; Verkoeijen, Peter P. J. L. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2009
Using 5 experiments, the authors explored the dependency of spacing effects on rehearsal patterns. Encouraging rehearsal borrowing produced opposing effects on mixed lists (containing both spaced and massed repetitions) and pure lists (containing only one or the other), magnifying spacing effects on mixed lists but diminishing spacing effects on…
Descriptors: Recall (Psychology), Experiments, Recognition (Psychology), Experimental Psychology