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Pennanen, M.; Vartiainen, E.; Haukkala, A. – Health Education Research, 2012
This study examines whether parental smoking and single parenting were related to adolescents' school achievement and anti-smoking parental practices as well as how these factors predicted later smoking. The sample comprised 1163 Finnish students in Grades 7 through 9. Results show that at the beginning of the seventh grade, parental smoking and…
Descriptors: Smoking, Academic Achievement, Child Rearing, Adolescents