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Addressing Democracy and Its Threats in Education: Exploring a Pluralist Perspective in Light of Finnish Social Studies Textbooks
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Pia Mikander; Henri Satokangas – Studies in Philosophy and Education, 2024
Democracy is increasingly being challenged, by disengagement and by anti-pluralist movements (Levitsky and Ziblatt in How Democracies Die: What History Reveals About Our Future, Viking, New York, 2018; Wikforss in "Därför demokrati. Om kunskapen och folkstyret" [Because of this, democracy. On knowledge and people's rule] Fri Tanke, 2021;…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Democracy, Democratic Values, Cultural Pluralism
From Influencing School Food to Handling Hate Speech: Methods, Areas, and Limitations of Active Citizenship in Finnish Social Studies Textbooks
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Pia Mikander; Henri Satokangas – Education, Citizenship and Social Justice, 2025
Historically, education for active citizenship has not been a high priority in Finnish schools. In this discursive study of Finnish social studies textbooks for grades 4-6, we investigate how students are encouraged to practice active citizenship, where the focus of active citizenship lies, and how active citizenship is limited in antidemocratic…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Elementary School Students, Elementary School Teachers, Elementary School Curriculum