This study investigated community organizing for school reform in eight urban sites. The organizing involved intentional building of power among parents, youth, and community residents in low-income communities of color. Researchers surveyed 66 organizing groups and interviewed a subgroup of organizations. Overall, most groups defined their membership as individual, and most were multi-issue in focus. Most adult organizing groups were in New York and Chicago, and most youth organizing groups were in San Francisco and Los Angeles. About 18 groups organized both adults and youth. Many groups defined broad schooling goals (e.g., transforming school culture), and some included broad improvements in educational quality. Initiation of organizing varied considerably by group. Local support organizations and national networks provided critical support. Groups used data in many ways to leverage accountability. Teachers had varying reactions to group organizing. Most groups were part of longstanding citywide or regional coalitions. Four strategic issues confronted groups organizing for school improvement: access, legitimacy, accountability, and developing effective strategies. Groups developed new leaders with skills, knowledge, and vision to raise fundamental questions about school performance and access and draw others into school reform campaigns. Key impediments included limited resources, lack of local support organizations, and insufficient assessment of the impact of their work. (SM)