This issue of WIN (Welfare Information Network) Issue Notes addresses what populations programs that provide services to incarcerated and released noncustodial parents should target, the support services that should be provided, and where and when these services can be most beneficial. Section 1 offers background. Section 2 answers these policy questions: why there is a need to develop programs and provide services to help noncustodial parents recently released from prison; how a flexible state child support system can be designed while following the federal guidelines; what kinds of services can be provided to noncustodial parents to prepare them to pay child support upon release; which entities should be involved in assisting felons; and how programs for currently and formerly incarcerated noncustodial parents can be funded. Section 3 summarizes findings of a study on experiences of fathers in prison for nonpayment of child support and an evaluation of a Denver community-based organization that provides support services to formerly imprisoned noncustodial parents. Section 4 describes innovative practices in Colorado, Illinois, Louisiana, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Texas, Wisconsin, and Volunteers of America. Nine resource contacts and eight publications are listed. (YLB)