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Wu, Zongjie – Journal of Curriculum Studies, 2014
This is a response to the commentaries on my essay, "Interpretation, autonomy, and transformation". However, the response is reoriented to further interpretation of Chinese pedagogic discourse in the late-19th century, which is often blamed for hampering China's educational advance. Instead of considering Classical Confucian pedagogy as…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Educational History, Confucianism, Instruction
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Cheng, Kai-Ming – Journal of Curriculum Studies, 2011
This is the first of six commentaries discussing Zongjie Wu's essay, "Interpretation, autonomy, and transformation". Wu's analyses of pedagogy have opened a new window for looking at the essence of education. The comparison of Confucius's pedagogy with contemporary teaching in China provides a striking contrast. However, perhaps it is…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Cultural Background, Asian Culture, Confucianism
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D'Costa, Ayres – Mid-Western Educational Researcher, 1991
Introduces Rene Thom's catastrophe theory, which is based upon complex theorems in multidimensional geometry. Catastrophe theory analysis begins by identifying the occurrence of major discontinuities, or catastrophes, in a system such as civil service exams, resulting in catastrophic change. (KS)
Descriptors: Geometric Constructions, Heuristics, Mathematical Models, Measurement Techniques
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D'Costa, Ayres – Mid-Western Educational Researcher, 1991
Analyzes the evolution of Chinese national examinations with the "catastrophe" model. Goals, content, form, and process of exams were influenced by social and political forces. Competence over 4,000 years of Chinese history was defined as military prowess, Confucian-style scholarship, Western-style military expertise, proletarian…
Descriptors: Asian History, Foreign Countries, Mathematical Models, Measurement Techniques