This paper examines Tung's ideas of Chinese education for the ruler, for the common people, and for government servants. Tung, an important educational theorist and Confucian philosopher in China's history, suggested the imperial examination system which led to employment in the imperial civil service. It is the thesis of this paper that there was…

A discussion of issues in the cultural adjustment of Chinese students in American universities compares and contrasts the educational philosophies and organizations of the two countries and the expectations and cultural norms of the two groups of students. The history of Chinese international exchange since 1949 is briefly reviewed, and the…

Graduate education in the People's Republic of China is discussed with attention to: historical developments, criteria and trends in enrollment, selection/approval of degree-granting institutions, reforms in graduate education, and international exchanges. Trends in graduate enrollments and degree awards since the Cultural Revolution are briefly…

Mao Tse-Tung's view of education and society is based on the belief that the great masses of people are collectively rational. If the masses do not see what society as a whole objectively requires, however, the leaders must be patient and resort to education and explanation, or the requirements must be altered to meet the objections. By the mid…

In response to the growing attention on China's educational system, a two-day workshop on education in China was sponsored. The purpose of the conference was to assess what already is known about China; to identify issues which might profitably be investigated by future visitors to China; and to encourage further interest in Chinese education…

China's "minban" (people-managed) schooling was an important instrument for delivering educational and political values to poor areas during Mao's era. Despite national policy aimed at eliminating poorly-qualified minban teachers by 2000, rural communities have been reluctant to dismiss such teachers, given the rural teacher shortage and…

Explores contributions to educational policy and practice of tensions about and aspirations for the future of Hong Kong. Examines political and economic influences on educational development during five historical periods, 1844-1997. Presents three recent case studies of connections between the "1997 factor" and educational policy,…

This article examines the reflection of national goals and ideologies in the civic education curricula of Mainland China and Taiwan. A comparison of junior secondary school textbooks from the 1950s and the 1990s shows how the curriculum embodies the states' changing national priorities and justificatory ideologies. Specifically, in the early…

For the past two decades, China's economy has grown rapidly, averaging an astonishing 9 percent every year. One result of this growth has been the demand for more and better educational opportunities at the postsecondary level. In response, the Chinese government, which holds a tight control over its highly centralized education system, introduced…

This volume traces the history of a collaboration between the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching and China's National Center for Education Development Research. The collaboration, which began in 1988, was initiated to conduct a comparative study of education in the two countries through information exchanges and seminars.…

The political, cultural, and social factors that have influenced English language teaching in the People's Republic of China's colleges are examined. First, a brief history of English teaching in China is presented, beginning in the mid-19th century and focusing on the 1949 Revolution, the 1960 Sino-Soviet split, and the the Cultural Revolution of…

A description of the current status of instruction in French as a second language in China looks at its historical background, postsecondary programs, instructional materials, course organization, teaching methods and research, faculty-student relationships, graduate study, extracurricular activities, and recent educational developments in the…

Assesses developments in Chinese vocational education since 1976 and between 1949 and 1976; defines terminology; profiles secondary vocational education alternatives, including secondary specialized schools, workers' training schools, agricultural/vocational high schools, vocational (technical) schools, apprenticeship training, and continuation…

Examines the historical development of work-study programs from the early days of communist government to current practices in China. Traditional Chinese culture separated mental and manual labor according to Confucian edicts. After a slow start, work-study was integrated into the national curriculum in the late 1950s. (MJP)

John Dewey was one of the most significant figures in the history of the Chinese people. When he and his first wife visited China from May 1, 1919 to July 11, 1921, delivering lectures on the philosophy of education, social and political philosophy, ethics, experimental logic, art, and other topics, Dewey was met by the people of China with open…